Substances:
Category and Name |
Examples of Commercial
and Street Names |
DEA Schedule*/
How Administered** |
Intoxication Effects / Potential Health Consequences |
| Depressants |
reduced pain and anxiety; feeling of well-being; lowered inhibitions; slowed pulse and breathing; lowered blood pressure; poor concentration/confusion, fatigue; impaired coordination, memory, judgment; respiratory depression and arrest, addiction
Also, for barbiturates—sedation, drowsiness/depression, unusual excitement, fever, irritability, poor judgment, slurred speech, dizziness
for benzodiazepines—sedation, drowsiness/dizziness
for flunitrazepam—visual and gastrointestinal disturbances, urinary retention, memory loss for the time under the drug's effects |
| barbiturates |
Amytal, Nembutal, Seconal, Phenobarbital; barbs, reds, red birds, phennies, tooies, yellows, yellow jackets |
II, III, V / injected, swallowed |
| benzodiazepines (other than flunitrazepam) |
Ativan, Halcion, Librium, Valium, Xanax; candy, downers, sleeping pills, tranks |
IV / swallowed |
| flunitrazepam***+ |
Rohypnol; forget-me pill, Mexican Valium, R2, Roche, roofies, roofinol, rope, rophies |
IV / swallowed, snorted |
| Dissociative Anesthetics |
increased heart rate and blood pressure, impaired motor function/memory loss; numbness; nausea/vomiting
Also, for ketamine—at high doses, delirium, depression, respiratory depression and arrest |
| ketamine |
Ketalar SV; cat Valium, K, Special K, vitamin K |
III / injected, snorted, smoked |
| Opioids and Morphine Derivatives |
pain relief, euphoria, drowsiness/respiratory depression and arrest, nausea, confusion, constipation, sedation, unconsciousness, coma, tolerance, addiction
Also, for codeine—less analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression than morphine |
| codeine |
Empirin with Codeine, Fiorinal with Codeine, Robitussin A-C, Tylenol with Codeine; Captain Cody, Cody, schoolboy; (with glutethimide) doors & fours, loads, pancakes and syrup |
II, III, IV / injected, swallowed |
| fentanyl |
Actiq, Duragesic, Sublimaze; Apache, China girl, China white, dance fever, friend, goodfella, jackpot, murder 8, TNT, Tango and Cash |
II / injected, smoked, snorted |
| morphine |
Roxanol, Duramorph; M, Miss Emma, monkey, white stuff |
II, III / injected, swallowed, smoked |
| opium |
laudanum, paregoric; big O, black stuff, block, gum, hop |
II, III, V / swallowed, smoked |
| other opioid pain relievers (oxycodone, meperidine, hydromorphone, hydrocodone, propoxyphene) |
Tylox, OxyContin, Percodan, Percocet; oxy 80s, oxycotton, oxycet, hillbilly heroin, percs
Demerol, meperidine hydrochloride; demmies, pain killer
Dilaudid; juice, dillies
Vicodin, Lortab, Lorcet; Darvon, Darvocet |
II, III, IV / swallowed, injected, suppositories, chewed, crushed, snorted |
| Stimulants |
increased heart rate, blood pressure, metabolism; feelings of exhilaration, energy, increased mental alertness/rapid or irregular heart beat; reduced appetite, weight loss, heart failure
Also, for amphetamines—rapid breathing; hallucinations/tremor, loss of coordination; irritability, anxiousness, restlessness, delirium, panic, paranoia, impulsive behavior, aggressiveness, tolerance, addiction
for cocaine—increased temperature/chest pain, respiratory failure, nausea, abdominal pain, strokes, seizures, headaches, malnutrition
for methamphetamine—aggression, violence, psychotic behavior/memory loss, cardiac and neurological damage; impaired memory and learning, tolerance, addiction
for methylphenidate—increase or decrease in blood pressure, psychotic episodes/digestive problems, loss of appetite, weight loss |
| amphetamines |
Biphetamine, Dexedrine; bennies, black beauties, crosses, hearts, LA turnaround, speed, truck drivers, uppers |
II / injected, swallowed, smoked, snorted |
| cocaine |
Cocaine hydrochloride; blow, bump, C, candy, Charlie, coke, crack, flake, rock, snow, toot |
II / injected, smoked, snorted |
| methamphetamine |
Desoxyn; chalk, crank, crystal, fire, glass, go fast, ice, meth, speed |
II / injected, swallowed, smoked, snorted |
| methylphenidate |
Ritalin; JIF, MPH, R-ball, Skippy, the smart drug, vitamin R |
II / injected, swallowed, snorted |
| Other Compounds |
no intoxication effects/hypertension, blood clotting and cholesterol changes, liver cysts and cancer, kidney cancer, hostility and aggression, acne; adolescents, premature stoppage of growth; in males, prostate cancer, reduced sperm production, shrunken testicles, breast enlargement; in females, menstrual irregularities, development of beard and other masculine characteristics |
| anabolic steroids |
Anadrol, Oxandrin, Durabolin, Depo-Testosterone, Equipoise; roids, juice |
III / injected, swallowed, applied to skin |
* Schedule I and II drugs have a high potential for abuse. They require greater storage security and have a quota on manufacturing, among other restrictions. Schedule I drugs are available for research only and have no approved medical use; Schedule II drugs are available only by prescription (unrefillable) and require a form for ordering. Schedule III and IV drugs are available by prescription, may have five refills in 6 months, and may be ordered orally. Some Schedule V drugs are available over the counter.
** Taking drugs by injection can increase the risk of infection through needle contamination with staphylococci, HIV, hepatitis, and other organisms.
*** Associated with sexual assaults.
+ Not available by prescription in U.S.
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